|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 
   
    | Permanent
    Virtual Circuits (PVC) are set
    up by the 
 |  | 
   
    | operator on a
    permanent (or long-term) contract basis 
 | 
   
    |  | 
   
    |  | PVC set-up via
    network management tools 
 |  | 
   
    |  | 
   
    |  | No signalling
    required 
 |  | 
   
    |  | 
   
    | Switched
    Virtual Circuits (SVC) are
    controlled by user 
 |  | 
   
    | signaling
    (ITU-T Q.2931) 
 |  | 
   
    |  | 
   
    |  | Set-up and
    release of ATM virtual connections 
 |  | 
   
    |  | requires
    signalling (like PSTN/ISDN) 
 |  | 
   
    |  | 
   
    |  | Signalling
    channels are set-up on a permanent 
 |  | 
   
    |  | basis 
 |  |