 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
n |
User services
and terminals (as IN services: call last
|
|
|
dialed...)
|
|
|
n |
Standards (IETF,
IEEE, ITU-T ...)
|
|
|
n |
Routing and
switching (unicast - multicast, devices)
|
|
|
n |
Transmission
and links (as fibre, coax-cable.., RSVP)
|
|
|
n |
Access and
transport (terminals, local-loop techniques..)
|
|
n |
Servers service
(web,mail,ftp ...)
|
|
|
n |
Signaling (SS7, X.25, Frame relay ...)
|
|
|
n |
Network
management (as OMAP of SS7...)
|
|
|
n |
Interworking
between networks (gateways, bridges ...)
|
|
|
n |
Network planning
|
|