|  |  |  |  |  |  | 
 
  |  | 
 
  |  |  |  | 
 
  |  | 
 
  |  | 
   
    | Physical transmission
    (e.g. 64 kbit/s PCM time slot) 
 |  |  | 
 
  |  | 
 
  |  | 
   
    |  |  |  
    | HDLC-type
    frame-based protocol for flow control, 
 |  
    | error control
    (using ARQ), and signalling network 
 |  |  
    | supervision and
    maintenance functions. 
 |  |  |  | 
 
  |  | 
 
  |  | 
   
    |  |  
    | Routing in the signalling
    network (using OPC, DPC) 
 |  |  
    | between SPs
    with level 4 users (see SIO at level 2). 
 |  |  | 
 
  |  |